The Chapultepec Conference was attended by 21 States. Adopted the Act of Chapultepec (8 March 1945), a significant step in the history of Pan-Americanism and the development of the international governmental regime.

It has been written that one of the motives behind the conference was that Latin American States felt slighted by the United States because -- contrary to their expectations -- they had not had a say in the Dumbarton Oaks proposals for a new world organization. The Chapultepec Conference also devoted much attention to the human rights issue. One of the resolutions it adopted dealt specifically with the international protection of fundamental human rights. The resolution called for an international declaration that would define those rights and the corresponding duties; it charged a legal committee with elaborating a preliminary draft of such a declaration; and it also envisaged the conclusion of an inter-American human rights convention. (Cf., American Convention on Human Rights[1969].) At the San Francisco Conference many Latin American delegations played an active role in the spirit of this resolution.